NAD+
PreclinicalSmall molecule coenzyme (NAD+)
Research material. Not for human or animal consumption.
Research overview
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme present in every living cell. It carries electrons in the reactions that release energy from food, cycling between NAD+ and NADH, and it is consumed by enzymes such as sirtuins, PARPs and CD38 that regulate DNA repair and gene activity. NAD+ levels fall with age in many tissues, which drove research into precursors such as nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide. NAD+ is a small molecule, not a peptide.
Laboratory, computational, ex vivo or animal model research is the main evidence base.
Questions about NAD+
PRODUCT QUESTIONSWhat is NAD+?
NAD+ is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in its oxidised form, a dinucleotide made of nicotinamide and adenine nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups. It is a small molecule cofactor rather than a peptide.
What research has been published on NAD+?
Research uses NAD+ in enzyme assays, studies of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, sirtuin and PARP signalling, and ageing biology in cells and animals. Human studies mostly test precursors rather than NAD+ itself, and benefits for healthy ageing remain unproven.
What batch documentation should accompany NAD+?
NAD+: Ask for the COA and analytical reports for the batch being quoted. For this small molecule, look for NMR, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, HPLC purity with NADH and nicotinamide reported, and water content, plus the batch identifier and release date.
How should NAD+ storage conditions be assessed?
NAD+ is hygroscopic and breaks down with heat and in alkaline solution. Store the dry solid at −20°C in a sealed, desiccated container, mind its hygroscopicity when weighing, and prepare solutions fresh in slightly acidic buffer.